Initial, Onhand and Free Quantities are quantities that are recorded within a Purchase Order Product Record (a stock record).
Initial
Initial quantity is the number of items which first arrived into the warehouse under that Purchase Order Product record. This number will only change if the Purchase Order is updated to increase/decrease the amount of stock arriving on it.
Onhand
Onhand quantity is the physical stock that is available to be packed right now. For example, if you have 5 Cartons of Soup in the warehouse, and then you process a Sale Order to pack 2 of those cartons, the onhand quantity would drop from 5 to 3 once the Sale Order is marked as packed.
Free Quantity
Free quantity is the stock that is available to be added to a new Sale Order. For example, if you have 5 Cartons of Soup in the warehouse, and then you create a Sale Order containing 2 of those cartons, the free quantity would drop from 5 to 3. This differs from onhand quantity which is only decreased at the time the product is packed.